Osteonecrosis is a well-recognized complication associated with organ transplantation.
It is a pathological condition characterized by the death of the cellular constituents of bone and marrow. The process of aseptic bone necrosis is associated with glucocorticoid use, and the mechanism by which glucocorticoids initiate the pathologic process has recently been elucidated.
Rates are particularly high in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. The incidence of osteonecrosis also increases in patients on dialysis.
The exact prevalence of osteonecrosis after organ transplantation is, however, difficult to assess as many cases are clinically silent.
The most common symptom of osteonecrosis is hip pain that is usually deep in nature, localized to the groin with occasional radiation down the thigh to the knee.
Symptoms are usually exacerbated by physical activity and weight bearing and relieved by rest. In the late stages of osteonecrosis, pain is often present at rest, and patients may develop a limp, as they are no longer able to bear weight on the affected joint.
Osteonecrosis affecting the bone beneath a weight-bearing joint surface is associated with a significant risk of developing a subarticular fracture, which appears to initiate the symptoms.
Optimizing the dose of glucocorticoids has led to a significant reduction in the incidence of osteonecrosis post-transplantation. Substituting these agents entirely with calcineurin inhibitors may decrease this complication of the transplantation process even further. Early diagnosis using magnetic resonance imaging is essential for the success of available surgical interventions
Reference: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780121835026500213
https://online.boneandjoint.org.uk/doi/full/10.1302/0301-620x.89b12.19400?journalCode=bjj&
Avascular Necrosis-Osteonecrosis Education and Resources 
Hello! I am glad I found your website! I was diagnosed in 2019 and have been spending too much time reading on AVN. I made a small AVN web forum not too long ago, but I still have a lot of work to do. tribeavn.com (I hope you don’t mind the plug).
While it is probably too late for me. I still like to read about the ongoing research and potential future of treatment. Two big companies that really got my attention:
1. Epibone.
2. Bonus Biogroup
They both do somewhat of the same thing, but Epibone is US based and Biogroup is in Israel. They both work on using your own cells to grow a bone and possibly use that for graft or replacement or any other myriad of treatments.
Here is a video of Epibone: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yJoQj5-TIvE
There’s also a breakthrough treatment for early stage AVN by Dr. SAAD in New Jersey. He basically uses microsurgery to reattach blood vessels.
I am bookmarking your website. It is great!
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Yes I have spoke to Dr Saad reg his micro vascular surgery he does.
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Have you read about carebone? It seems like propaganda, but it couldn’t hurt for more research to be done from the US scientific community.
https://www.carebone.com/academic-support/
The big issue to even trying it is the price!
It’s worth a quick look though.
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